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Tutorials
Tutorials show you how to use Simcenter STAR-CCM+ for various applications in a step-by-step format with recommendations for setup, initialization and steps of the solution process specific to the application. Macro and simulation files are available for download for a large proportion of cases.
Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder
The tutorials in this set illustrate features for simulating internal combustion engines in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ using the dedicated add-on Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder.
Gasoline Engine: Charge Motion
Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder provides methods for predicting the charge motion in an internal combustion engine, including the injection of liquid fuel, the subsequent evaporation and mixing process, and the formation of fuel film on the engine walls.
Analyzing the Results
After the simulation is complete, you visualize the results.

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Tutorials
Tutorials show you how to use Simcenter STAR-CCM+ for various applications in a step-by-step format with recommendations for setup, initialization and steps of the solution process specific to the application. Macro and simulation files are available for download for a large proportion of cases.
- Using Tutorial Macros and Files
  Macros, input files, and final simulation files for a range of tutorials are provided as an optional download package on the Support Center website. These macros and final simulation files are provided as an aid to the written tutorials, so that you can check your final results against the downloaded files, or against a simulation that is built and run using the macros.
- Introduction
  Welcome to the Simcenter STAR-CCM+ introductory tutorial. In this tutorial, you explore the important concepts and workflow. Complete this tutorial before attempting any others.
- Foundation Tutorials
  The foundation tutorials showcase the major features of Simcenter STAR-CCM+ in a series of short tutorials.
- Geometry
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for creating and working with parts and 3D-CAD.
- Mesh
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various STAR-CCM+ features for building CFD meshes.
- Incompressible Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for incompressible fluid flows as well as porosity and solution recording
- Compressible Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for compressible fluid flows as well as harmonic balance.
- Heat Transfer and Radiation
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for heat transfer, radiation, and thermal comfort.
- Multiphase Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating multiphase fluid flow problems
- Discrete Element Method
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating Discrete Element Method problems
- Motion
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various STAR-CCM+ features for simulating problems with moving geometries and meshes, dynamic fluid body interaction, and rigid body motion:
- Reacting Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating reacting flows such as combustion.
- Solid Stress
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for computing deformation, strain, and stresses in solid regions. They also show how such computations can be coupled to the fluid behavior in an analysis of fluid-structure interaction.
- Aeroacoustics
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for solving aeroacoustic simulations.
- Electromagnetism
  The following tutorials illustrate features for solving problems that involve electromagnetic fields.
- Electrochemistry
  The following tutorial demonstrates chemical reactions induced by an electrical current.
- Battery
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for setting up a battery model:
- Automation
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ automation and macro features.
- Design Exploration
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various features for running design exploration studies in Design Manager.
- Coupling with CAE Codes
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for coupling with CAE codes:
- Analysis Methods
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for analysing and visualizing simulation data.
- Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder
  The tutorials in this set illustrate features for simulating internal combustion engines in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ using the dedicated add-on Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder.
  - Gasoline Engine: Motored
    Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder provides an automated method to perform transient moving-mesh analyses of internal combustion engines.
  - Gasoline Engine: Charge Motion
    Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder provides methods for predicting the charge motion in an internal combustion engine, including the injection of liquid fuel, the subsequent evaporation and mixing process, and the formation of fuel film on the engine walls.
    - Prerequisites
      This tutorial guides you through the setup of the charge-motion simulation using the dedicated Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder add-on in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
    - Loading an Existing Simulation
      You start from an existing simulation file that contains objects and solution data from the tutorial Gasoline Engine: Motored.
    - Setting Up the Engine Models
      By default, Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder runs a motored-test simulation, which involves the transient process of the airflow in the ports and cylinder. To account for the injection of fuel and the formation of a fuel film on the engine walls, you must modify the engine models.
    - Setting Up the Fuel
      Here, you define the components of the fuel and the mass weighting of each component in the mixture.
    - Setting Up the Injector
      For the fuel injection, you create an injector Engine Part, which provides a template for defining the geometry and the physics of the injector and its nozzles.
    - Adjusting the Injector Nozzles
      For the nozzles that are positioned within the half engine model, you define differing nozzle targets and cone angles.
    - Setting the Duration of the Analysis and the Time-Step Size
      The simulation starts at 300 deg crank angle and runs until 600 deg crank angle. For the automatic time-step control, you adjust the time periods before and after fuel injection. Additionally, you reduce the time-step size that is used during fuel injection.
    - Preparing the Plots and Scenes for Visualization
      For a charge-motion simulation, Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder provides several injection specific plots and scenes by default. To watch the solution develop, you open the plots for fuel mass tracking and for liquid and vapor spray penetration. You also open the scenes for fuel/air equivalence ratio and the fluid film thickness and write the scenes to image files at regular intervals.
    - Running the Simulation
      The simulation is now set up and ready to run.
    - Analyzing the Results
      After the simulation is complete, you visualize the results.
    - Summary
      The Gasoline Engine: Charge-Motion tutorial demonstrates how to run a charge-motion simulation for a four-stroke gasoline engine using Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder.
  - Gasoline Engine: ECFM-3Z Combustion
    In Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder, you can simulate the combustion process in a gasoline engine using the Extended Coherent Flame Model Three Zone (ECFM-3Z).
  - Diesel Engine: Closed-Cycle Sector Model
    A closed-cycle analysis investigates the injection, ignition, and combustion process in an engine cylinder with all intake and exhaust valves closed. For axisymmetric cylinder geometries, Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder allows you to model these stages of the engine cycle in a sector of the actual cylinder geometry in order to reduce runtime.
  - Uniflow Two-Stroke Engine
    Two-stroke engines complete the power cycle with two strokes of the piston while turning the crankshaft once (360 degrees). With Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder, you can simulate different types of two-stroke engines—uniflow, loop flow, or cross flow engines.

Analyzing the Results

After the simulation is complete, you visualize the results.

Examine the plots for fuel mass tracking and for spray penetration:

In the Graphics window, click through the Fuel Mass Tracking, Injector : Liquid Spray Penetration, and Injector : Vapor Spray Penetration tabs.

The following plots display the results after the run:

At the end of the simulation, 88.96% of the injected fuel is vaporized and 10.93% forms a liquid film on the engine walls. The rest of the fuel is available as droplets.

The following table lists the maximum values of the liquid and the vapor spray penetration for the three nozzles, as given by the respective plots above:


Nozzle	Maximum Liquid Spray Penetration	Maximum Vapor Spray Penetration
Nozzle 1	75.98989 mm	76.24112 mm
Nozzle 2	88.24993 mm	87.78206 mm
Nozzle 3	86.47695 mm	81.78012 mm

Examine the scenes for fuel/air equivalence ratio and fluid film thickness:

In your working directory, click through the saved image files for fuel/air equivalence ratio and fluid film thickness. The saved scene files can be animated with a media program of your choice: