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Tutorials
Tutorials show you how to use Simcenter STAR-CCM+ for various applications in a step-by-step format with recommendations for setup, initialization and steps of the solution process specific to the application. Macro and simulation files are available for download for a large proportion of cases.
Battery
The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for setting up a battery model:
Li-Ion Battery Cell Model: Cell Electrochemistry Analysis
In this tutorial, you model a Li-Ion battery cell at the microscale level. The simulation introduces the method for the prediction of the three-dimensional microstructure of porous battery electrodes.
Setting Solver Parameters and Stopping Criteria
Set the appropriate solver parameters and stopping criteria for the simulation.

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Tutorials
Tutorials show you how to use Simcenter STAR-CCM+ for various applications in a step-by-step format with recommendations for setup, initialization and steps of the solution process specific to the application. Macro and simulation files are available for download for a large proportion of cases.
- Using Tutorial Macros and Files
  Macros, input files, and final simulation files for a range of tutorials are provided as an optional download package on the Support Center website. These macros and final simulation files are provided as an aid to the written tutorials, so that you can check your final results against the downloaded files, or against a simulation that is built and run using the macros.
- Introduction
  Welcome to the Simcenter STAR-CCM+ introductory tutorial. In this tutorial, you explore the important concepts and workflow. Complete this tutorial before attempting any others.
- Foundation Tutorials
  The foundation tutorials showcase the major features of Simcenter STAR-CCM+ in a series of short tutorials.
- Geometry
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for creating and working with parts and 3D-CAD.
- Mesh
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various STAR-CCM+ features for building CFD meshes.
- Incompressible Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for incompressible fluid flows as well as porosity and solution recording
- Compressible Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for compressible fluid flows as well as harmonic balance.
- Heat Transfer and Radiation
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for heat transfer, radiation, and thermal comfort.
- Multiphase Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating multiphase fluid flow problems
- Discrete Element Method
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating Discrete Element Method problems
- Motion
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various STAR-CCM+ features for simulating problems with moving geometries and meshes, dynamic fluid body interaction, and rigid body motion:
- Reacting Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating reacting flows such as combustion.
- Solid Stress
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for computing deformation, strain, and stresses in solid regions. They also show how such computations can be coupled to the fluid behavior in an analysis of fluid-structure interaction.
- Aeroacoustics
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for solving aeroacoustic simulations.
- Electromagnetism
  The following tutorials illustrate features for solving problems that involve electromagnetic fields.
- Electrochemistry
  The following tutorial demonstrates chemical reactions induced by an electrical current.
- Battery
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for setting up a battery model:
  - Electro-Thermal Modeling: Battery Pack Cooling
    The design of battery pack thermal management is critical in order to ensure that the battery pack operates in a safe temperature range. The objective is to prevent any part of the pack from overheating or from operating in too low temperature conditions. If the battery pack is not sized accordingly, the temperature can accelerate its aging, create an imbalance of the modules and cells in the pack, or lead to hazardous situations.
  - Thermal Runaway: Battery Pack Heat Release and Venting
    Thermal runaway in batteries occurs when a battery cell overheats due to thermal or mechanical failure, short-circuiting, or overcharging/over-discharging. At elevated temperatures, the battery cell materials can start to decompose in exothermic reactions, leading to self-heating behavior. When the self-heating of the battery cell exceeds the rate at which heat can be dissipated to the surroundings, the cell temperature rises exponentially, the battery structure can rupture, and all remaining thermal and electrochemical energy is released to the surroundings.
  - Simcenter STAR-CCM+ Batteries: Cell Thermal Analysis
    This tutorial introduces the battery modeling capabilities of Simcenter STAR-CCM+. It simulates the battery heat generation that occurs during the first 90 seconds of a discharge cycle.
  - Cylindrical Cells: Cell Thermal Analysis
    This tutorial demonstrates how to model a battery module in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ using cylindrical cells. It simulates three cylindrical cells in series in a staggered configuration with an external casing.
  - Li-Ion Battery Cell Model: Cell Electrochemistry Analysis
    In this tutorial, you model a Li-Ion battery cell at the microscale level. The simulation introduces the method for the prediction of the three-dimensional microstructure of porous battery electrodes.
    - Prerequisites
      The instructions in the Li-Ion Battery Cell Model: Cell Electrochemistry Analysis tutorial assume that you are already familiar with certain techniques in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
    - Importing the Geometry and Naming the Simulation
      Launch Simcenter STAR-CCM+, import the supplied geometry, and save the simulation.
    - Generating the Mesh
      Use the polyhedral mesher to generate the volume mesh in all parts of the model.
    - Setting Up the Physics Models
      Physics models define the primary variables of the simulation and what mathematical formulation is used to generate the solution.
    - Assigning Physics Continua to Regions
      Assign each physics continuum to its appropriate region.
    - Setting the Material Properties
      Define the material properties for each continuum.
    - Setting Initial Conditions
      Set the initial conditions for the physics continua.
    - Setting Boundary and Interface Conditions
      Define the boundary conditions at the free surfaces of the two current collectors.
    - Setting Solver Parameters and Stopping Criteria
      Set the appropriate solver parameters and stopping criteria for the simulation.
    - Preparing Scalar and Vector Scenes
      Create scalar and vector scenes to display the simulation results.
    - Initializing the Solution and Running the Simulation
      Preparation of the simulation is now complete, and the simulation can be run.
    - Visualizing the Results
      Visualize the Lithium/salt concentration in the active materials.
    - Summary
      This tutorial demonstrated how to model a Li-Ion battery cell at the microscale level.
- Automation
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ automation and macro features.
- Design Exploration
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various features for running design exploration studies in Design Manager.
- Coupling with CAE Codes
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for coupling with CAE codes:
- Analysis Methods
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for analysing and visualizing simulation data.
- Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder
  The tutorials in this set illustrate features for simulating internal combustion engines in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ using the dedicated add-on Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder.

Setting Solver Parameters and Stopping Criteria

Set the appropriate solver parameters and stopping criteria for the simulation.

In this tutorial, charge and discharge currents have low values, and all variable changes are slow. Therefore, you can increase the time-step of the implicit solver to a large value.

The solver requirements for three-dimensional electrochemistry are higher than usual, because of the large differences in electrical and species conductivities in the different regions. These differences in conductivities affect the linear system. Therefore, you can change the expert properties of the AMG Linear Solver for Electric Potential.

To set the solver parameters and stopping criteria:

Edit the Solvers node and set the following properties:


Node	Property	Setting
Implicit Unsteady	Time-Step	10.0 s
Electric Potential > AMG Linear Solver	Enable Direct Solver	Activated
Electric Potential > AMG Linear Solver	Maximum Direct Solver Equations	1024

Edit the Stopping Criteria node and set the following properties:


Node	Property	Setting
Maximum Physical Time	Enabled	Activated
	Maximum Physical Time	100 s
Maximum Inner Iterations	Maximum Inner Iterations	10

Save the simulation.