Concentrated Electrolyte Model Reference

When using the Concentrated Electrolyte model, an electrolyte (salts and solvents) can be specified as a multi-component liquid only. You specify the electrolyte as a combination of lithium/salt and solvent and configure each component separately.

The Concentrated Electrolyte model is available as an optional model in the physics continuum when the Electrochemistry and the Electromagnetism models are activated. You use the Concentrated Electrolyte model with the Sub-grid Particle Intercalation model to simulate the electrochemical process of battery cells. These models compute electrochemical reactions on geometrically unresolved surfaces by modeling the diffusion occurring at the particle level within battery electrodes.

To account for the non-ideal behavior of ions in a solution, the concentrated electrolyte model provides the options to use concentration and temperature dependent material properties.

For simulations with the Concentrated Electrolyte model, Simcenter STAR-CCM+ requires a batterysim license in addition to the other license features.

Material Properties

Under the Multi-Component Liquid > Liquid Components > [component] > Material Properties node, provides concentration and temperature dependent material properties for the lithium ions in the liquid electrolyte.

Salt

Species that represents the binary salt.

Method	Corresponding Method Node
Boolean	Boolean When True is activated, enables the Salt material property. Also provides the following material properties for a liquid component: Cation Transference Number Concentrated Solution Correction to Salt Diffusivity Non-Ideal Solution Correction to Salt Migration

Cation Transference Number

Available when the Salt material property is activated.

Specifies the fraction of the total electric current that is carried by cations in the electrolyte, ${t_{\text{+,j}}}^0$ in Eqn. (1884).

Method	Corresponding Method Node
Constant, Field Function	Cation Transference Number > Constant, Field Function Specifies ${t_{\text{+,j}}}^0$ as a scalar profile.
Table (T, c)	Cation Transference Number > Table (T,c) Defines the cation transference number as a function of temperature and Li-ion/salt concentration by providing a table of ${t_{\text{+,j}}}^0,T,c$ values, from which Simcenter STAR-CCM+ determines the profile of ${t_{\text{+,j}}}^0(T,c)$ . See Using Table (T,c).
Tabular	Cation Transference Number > Table Specifies the independent scalar field function variables that are used to interpolate the cation transference number. See Using Tabular Data.

Concentrated Solution Correction to Salt Diffusivity

Available when the Salt material property is activated.

Specifies the concentrated solution correction to the ion/salt diffusion, $\frac{d\left(\text{ln}{c}_0\right)}{d\left(\text{ln}{c}_i\right)}$ in Eqn. (1885).

Method	Corresponding Method Node
Constant, Field Function	Concentrated Solution Correction to Salt Diffusivity > Constant, Field Function Specifies $\frac{d\left(\text{ln}{c}_0\right)}{d\left(\text{ln}{c}_i\right)}$ as a scalar profile.
Table (T, c)	Concentrated Solution Correction to Salt Diffusivity > Table (T,c) Defines the concentrated solution correction to salt diffusivity as a function of temperature and Li-ion/salt concentration by providing a table of $\frac{d\left(\text{ln}{c}_0\right)}{d\left(\text{ln}{c}_i\right)},T,c$ values, from which Simcenter STAR-CCM+ determines the profile of $\frac{d\left(\text{ln}{c}_0\right)}{d\left(\text{ln}{c}_i\right)}(T,c)$ . See Using Table (T,c).
Tabular	Concentrated Solution Correction to Salt Diffusivity > Table Specifies the independent scalar field function variables that are used to interpolate the concentrated solution correction to salt diffusivity. See Using Tabular Data.

Non-Ideal Solution Correction to Salt Migration

Available when the Salt material property is activated. This property requires one component with a non-zero cation transference number.

Specifies $\frac{d\left(\text{ln}{f}_{\pm }\right)}{d\left(\text{ln}c\right)}$ in Eqn. (4096).

Method	Corresponding Method Node
Constant, Field Function	Non-Ideal Solution Correction to Salt Migration > Constant, Field Function Specifies $\frac{d\left(\text{ln}{f}_{\pm }\right)}{d\left(\text{ln}c\right)}$ as a scalar profile.
Table (T, c)	Non-Ideal Solution Correction to Salt Migration > Table (T,c) Defines the non-ideal solution correction to salt migration as a function of temperature and Li-ion/salt concentration by providing a table of $\frac{d\left(\text{ln}{f}_{\pm }\right)}{d\left(\text{ln}c\right)},T,c$ values, from which Simcenter STAR-CCM+ determines the profile of $\frac{d\left(\text{ln}{f}_{\pm }\right)}{d\left(\text{ln}c\right)}(T,c)$ . See Using Table (T,c).
Tabular	Non-Ideal Solution Correction to Salt Migration > Table Specifies the independent scalar field function variables that are used to interpolate the non-ideal solution correction to salt migration. See Using Tabular Data.

Molecular Diffusivity

Under the Multi-Component Liquid > Liquid Components > Material Properties, the Concentrated Electrolyte model, in addition to the usual methods available, allows you to set the molecular diffusivity for each component in the multi-component liquid as a table to interpolate the diffusivity from temperature and concentration.

Method	Corresponding Method Node
Table (T, c)	Multi-Component Liquid > Liquid Component > Material Properties Specifies the molecular diffusivity $D_{i,j}$ in Eqn. (1873) as a function of temperature and Li-ion/salt concentration by providing a table. See Using Table (T,c).

Field Functions