Non-Equilibrium Condensation Model Reference

The Non-Equilibrium Condensation model is used to model the condensation effects of the dispersed particles on the continuous phase of a multiphase phase interaction.

The condensation model available with Simcenter STAR-CCM+ DMP simulations supports non-equilibrium condensation, which calculates the mass transfer rate between dispersed liquid droplets and a single-component gas phase. The number and distribution of droplets of different size is accounted for with the S-Gamma model. The model is enabled only for single-component phases.

Table 1. Non-Equilibrium Condensation Model Reference
Model Names Non-Equilibrium Condensation
Theory See Non-Equilibrium Condensation.
Provided By [phase interaction] > Models > Optional Models
Example Node Path [phase interaction] > Models > Non-Equilibrium Condensation
Requires

Material: Gas

Multiphase: Dispersed Multiphase (DMP)

Flow: Coupled Flow or Segregated Flow

A Phase Interaction model with the following models activated:

Drag Force, Interaction Length Scale (automatically selected).

The Non-Equilibrium Condensation must be used for a phase interaction where the DMP phase has the Discrete Quadrature S-Gamma model activated.

Properties Condensation Coefficient

See Non-Equilibrium Condensation Model Properties.
Activates Model Controls (child nodes)
  • Nucleation Bulk Tension Factor
  • Continuous Phase Nusselt Number

See Model Controls.
Field Functions See Field Functions.

Non-Equilibrium Condensation Model Properties

Condensation Coefficient
Dimensionless correlation q c for scaling the nucleation rate, as described in Eqn. (2864). The allowed range is [0, ∞], and the default value is 1.

Model Controls

The following child nodes are available for the Non-Equilibrium Condensation model:

Nucleation Bulk Tension Factor
The nucleation model surface tension scaling factor is the energy increase due to the liquid bulk surface formation in Eqn. (2861).

You can specify a constant or field function method.

Continuous Phase Nusselt Number Properties

Controls the heat transfer rate from vapor phase to interface.

The following options for calculating Nusselt number are available:

Method
  • Constant
  • Field Function
  • Gyarmathy

    The droplet heat transfer coefficient is calculated using the non-equilibrium wet-steam calculations theory introduced by Gyarmathy. This is the default.

  • Young
    • The droplet heat transfer coefficient is calculated using the non-equilibrium wet-steam calculations theory introduced by Young.
    • Alpha

      A calibration factor to adjust the Young heat transfer coefficient in Eqn. (2873).

    • Beta

      A calibration factor to adjust the Young heat transfer coefficient in Eqn. (2873).

Field Functions

The following field function are made available to the simulation when the Non-Equilibrium Condensation model is used:

Condensation Rate of [phase interaction]
The total phase change rate for droplet growth rate and nucleation (mass) rate in kg/s m3.
Droplet Growth Rate of [phase interaction]
The droplet growth rate, m d ˙ in Eqn. (2867).
Droplet Nucleation Rate of [phase interaction]
The droplet nucleation rate, J in Eqn. (2865).
Droplet Nucleus Diameter of [phase interaction]
The critical droplet diameter, as 2 r * from Eqn. (2863)
Vapor Supercooling Temperature of [phase interaction]
The vapor temperature below saturation level, in Eqn. (2861).
Wetness (Mass Fraction) of [phase interaction]
The mass fraction of liquid droplets in the wet steam flow.