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Pre-Processing
Simcenter STAR-CCM+ solves physics problems on a computational mesh. To provide this mesh, you first define geometry using internal or external tools, and then create a mesh pipeline whose operations generate the mesh in repeatable steps.
Meshing
A mesh is a discretized representation of a geometric domain. This domain can include real-world geometry, its content, and its surrounding environment.
Two Dimensional and Axisymmetric Meshes
The use of a one-cell-thick three-dimensional mesh is much less efficient than using a real two-dimensional mesh for two-dimensional and axisymmetric simulations. When circumstances allow, use real two-dimensional meshes.
Creating a Two-Dimensional Mesh
Follow these instructions to produce a real two-dimensional mesh in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ from selected two-dimensional part surfaces.
Identifying the Target Part Surfaces for 2D Meshing
You identify part surfaces on which a 2D mesh is required using the Badge for 2D Meshing operation. This operation identifies part surfaces that lie on the Z=0 plane. If any part surfaces lie partially on the Z=0 plane, the Badge for 2D Meshing operation fails.

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Pre-Processing
Simcenter STAR-CCM+ solves physics problems on a computational mesh. To provide this mesh, you first define geometry using internal or external tools, and then create a mesh pipeline whose operations generate the mesh in repeatable steps.
- 3D-CAD
  3D-CAD is a feature-based parametric modeler within Simcenter STAR-CCM+ that allows you to build geometries from scratch. The geometries that you create with 3D-CAD are stored as 3D-CAD models, which you can then convert to geometry parts for integration with the meshing and simulation process.
- Modeling Geometry
  This part of the User Guide describes how to use 3D-CAD, the parametric solid modeler available within Simcenter STAR-CCM+. It also describes the features and tools available for further preparation of the geometry model and its surfaces.
- The Surface Repair Tool
  The Surface Repair tool diagnoses errors in, and provides repair tools for, tessellated surfaces and part curves. The same tool allows you to reorganize discretized geometry by searching for face-based features and attributes then assigning the results to new or existing part surfaces or curves.
- Defining the Regions Layout
  An essential part of the process in setting up your simulation is to define the relationship between geometry parts and regions, boundaries, and interfaces.
- Meshing
  A mesh is a discretized representation of a geometric domain. This domain can include real-world geometry, its content, and its surrounding environment.
  - Mesh Construction
    Within a bounding volume defined by geometrical surfaces, Simcenter STAR-CCM+ can construct meshes for finite volume and finite element solvers.
  - Meshers in Simcenter STAR-CCM+
    The meshers in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ generate surface and volume meshes for geometry parts that are assigned to regions and make them ready for analysis.
  - Parts-Based Meshing
    Parts-based meshing (PBM) is a meshing strategy in which you create one or more mesh operations that define workflows for preparing, fixing, and processing geometry. A major benefit of PBM is that every mesh operation you create forms part of a linear and repeatable process.
  - The Meshing Workflow
    This section contains the recommended workflow for setting up and generating the volume mesh at the parts level.
  - Mesh Operations
    Mesh operations perform actions on geometry parts that you can easily repeat whenever their input parts or properties are changed.
  - Mesh Descriptions
    A mesh description is a version of a surface or volume mesh belonging to a geometry part. Geometry parts can have more than one surface mesh description associated with them. You create and change descriptions by importing surfaces or executing operations.
  - Custom Mesh Controls
    Custom controls override any default controls for the surface and volume meshers. This facility allows you to refine or coarsen the mesh for part curves, part surfaces, geometry parts, and specified volumes.
  - Surface Meshers
    Simcenter STAR-CCM+ contains meshing tools which can be used to help prepare a high-quality surface mesh before a volume mesh can be generated.
  - Volume Meshers
    Simcenter STAR-CCM+ contains different types of meshers that can be used to generate a volume mesh starting from a suitably prepared surface mesh.
  - Mesh Refinement
    Simcenter STAR-CCM+ can refine the mesh by approximating the wake region or using solution-based approach. These features allow you to achieve efficient refinement by reducing the cell size in areas of interest.
  - Directed Meshing
    Directed meshing is a method for generating high quality swept meshes on geometries in Simcenter STAR-CCM+. The method operates by sweeping a mesh from the surfaces of a geometry through its volume onto a facing target surface.
  - Two Dimensional and Axisymmetric Meshes
    The use of a one-cell-thick three-dimensional mesh is much less efficient than using a real two-dimensional mesh for two-dimensional and axisymmetric simulations. When circumstances allow, use real two-dimensional meshes.
    - Creating a Two-Dimensional Mesh
      Follow these instructions to produce a real two-dimensional mesh in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ from selected two-dimensional part surfaces.
      - Identifying the Target Part Surfaces for 2D Meshing
        You identify part surfaces on which a 2D mesh is required using the Badge for 2D Meshing operation. This operation identifies part surfaces that lie on the Z=0 plane. If any part surfaces lie partially on the Z=0 plane, the Badge for 2D Meshing operation fails.
      - Assigning Parts to Two-Dimensional Regions
        This section describes how to assign parts which are badged as two-dimensional to regions.
      - Creating the Two-Dimensional Automated Mesh Operation
        The Automated Mesh (2D) operation generates the 2D mesh using the mesher that you choose. Only parts that are badged for 2D are available for selection as input parts for an Automated Mesh (2D) operation.
    - Extracting The Two Dimensional Mesh
      This section describes how to extract the two dimensional mesh from the surface of an existing three-dimensional mesh. This existing mesh can either be imported into Simcenter STAR-CCM+ or generated using the three-dimensional volume meshers.
    - Examples of Two-Dimensional Mesh Extraction
  - Turbomachinery Mesh
    Turbomachinery applications with axial blades typically require a flow-aligned, structured mesh. This type of mesh has implicit connectivity and a fixed number of vertex or face neighbors, leading to a more accurate solution.
  - Mesh Visualization
    You can visualize any mesh representation in Simcenter STAR-CCM+. After you have imported or generated a mesh, you visualize it to check the cell quality and mesh validity.
  - Checking the Surface Mesh
    The volume mesh quality is directly dependent on the surface mesh quality. Therefore, it is crucial to make sure that all surface meshes are of good quality.
  - Checking the Volume Mesh
    This section describes the tools available for checking the validity and quality of the volume mesh, and for diagnosing problem areas. Such problems can then be fixed, either inside Simcenter STAR-CCM+ or in the originating mesh generator.
  - Meshing Field Functions Reference
    This section contains a list of field functions that are related to meshing.
  - Working With Representations
    This section provides information on representations as a useful part of the meshing process.
  - Scaling the Entire Mesh
    Scaling the mesh is important as the units of the model must be in meters before running an analysis.
  - Working with Baffles
  - Exporting Mesh and Solution Data
    This section outlines the steps for exporting Simcenter STAR-CCM+ mesh and solution data to formats that can be used in other CAE packages.
  - Multi-Region Meshing
    This section outlines the surface requirements for performing multi-region meshing, as well as step-by-step instructions when starting from surface imports that result in single region and multiple regions definitions. Additionally, guidelines are provided on what the best approaches are for exporting surface data from CAD packages when multiple regions are required.

Identifying the Target Part Surfaces for 2D Meshing

You identify part surfaces on which a 2D mesh is required using the Badge for 2D Meshing operation. This operation identifies part surfaces that lie on the Z=0 plane. If any part surfaces lie partially on the Z=0 plane, the Badge for 2D Meshing operation fails.

To identify parts for 2D meshing:

Create a Badge for 2D Meshing operation.
You can create any number of Badge for 2D Meshing operations, however, a part can only belong to one Badge for 2D Meshing operation.
1. Right-click Geometry > Operations and select New > Badge for 2D Meshing .
2. In the Create Badge for 2D Meshing Operation dialog, select the parts that are required to produce a 2D mesh. It is not necessary to select part surfaces, as Simcenter STAR-CCM+ identifies the part surfaces that lie on the Z=0 plane automatically.
Execute the Badge for 2D Meshing operation.
Parts and part surfaces are badged and available to select for Automated Mesh (2D) operations as follows:
= Available to select as 2D region

= Available to select as 2D boundary

Note Deleting a Badge for 2D Meshing operation removes the badge from the input parts and part surfaces.

Understanding the Results of a Badge for 2D Meshing Operation

The following example shows how part surfaces on a simple three-dimensional block part are badged during a Badge for 2D Meshing operation.

On a simple block that is split into six part surfaces, only one part surface can wholly lie on the Z=0 plane. Only the part surface that lies on the Z=0 plane is badged as a 2D region.

The four part surfaces that are connected to the part surface on the Z=0 plane, are badged as boundaries. The edges of these part surfaces, that lie on the Z=0 plane, form the boundaries of the 2D region containing the final 2D mesh.

Any part surfaces that are disconnected from the Z=0 plane, are not badged.

Parts which contain badged part surfaces, also display a badge.