Rolling Resistance Model Reference

With the DEM model active in a physics continuum, rolling resistance is an optional model in a phase interaction.


Theory	See Rolling Resistance.
Provided By	[physics continuum] > Models > Multiphase Interaction > Phase Interactions > Phase Interaction [n] > Models > Optional Models
Example Node Path	Continua > Physics 1 > Models > Multiphase Interaction > Phase Interactions > Phase Interaction 1 > Models > Rolling Resistance
Requires	Under Multiphase Interaction, select: Phase Interaction Topology: DEM Phase Interaction if it has not been automatically selected. DEM Contact Model: Hertz Mindlin, Walton Braun, or Linear Spring (Rolling resistance is selected automatically.)
Activates	Model Controls (child nodes)	See Rolling Resistance Methods Node.

Rolling Resistance Methods Node

The Rolling Resistance Methods node is a child node of the Rolling Resistance model. Right-click on the node to select the method for calculating rolling resistance: Constant Torque, Displacement Damping, or Force Proportional (the default).

Rolling Resistance Methods Properties

Constant Torque

Coefficient of  Rolling Resistance: $μ_{r}$ (see Eqn. (3276)). It can take on any non-negative real value. The default value is 0.1.
Moment Limiter Factor: Sets the limit used by the Use Limiter property. It can take on any non-negative real value. It operates only when Use Limiter is active. The default value is 0.08.
Use Limiter: When On, sets an upper limit on the angular momentum of the particles around the axes of moment. The value of the limit is set in the Moment Limiter Factor property. The default is Off.

Displacement Damping

Coefficient of  Rolling Resistance: $μ_{r}$ (see Eqn. (3276)). It can take on any non-negative real value. The default value is 0.1.
Theta  Maximum: ${θ_{r}}^{m a x}$ , the maximum angular displacement before rolling begins. It is available only when Use Damper is active. The default value is 0.035 radian.
Viscous  Damping Factor: $ν$ , sets the factor used by the Use Damper property. It can take on any value from 0 to 1. It is available only when Use Damper is active. The default value is 0.1.
Viscous  Damping f  Multiplier: $f$ , provides a multiplier for the Viscous Damping Factor property. It can take on any value from 0 to 1. It is available only when Use Damper is active. The default value is 1.
Use Damper: When On, sets an upper limit on the angular momenta of particles around their axes of moment. The value of the limit is set in the Viscous Damping Factor property. The default is Off.

Force Proportional

Coefficient of  Rolling Resistance: $μ_{r}$ (see Force Proportional Method ). It can take on any non-negative real value. The default value is 0.0010.