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Tutorials
Tutorials show you how to use Simcenter STAR-CCM+ for various applications in a step-by-step format with recommendations for setup, initialization and steps of the solution process specific to the application. Macro and simulation files are available for download for a large proportion of cases.
Solid Stress
The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for computing deformation, strain, and stresses in solid regions. They also show how such computations can be coupled to the fluid behavior in an analysis of fluid-structure interaction.
Plane Stress: Plate with Circular Hole in a Tensile Field
This tutorial demonstrates how to set up a linear elastic FE (Finite Element) stress analysis in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
Visualizing the Solution
Visualize the solution and calculate the stress concentration factor from the computed stress.

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Tutorials
Tutorials show you how to use Simcenter STAR-CCM+ for various applications in a step-by-step format with recommendations for setup, initialization and steps of the solution process specific to the application. Macro and simulation files are available for download for a large proportion of cases.
- Using Tutorial Macros and Files
  Macros, input files, and final simulation files for a range of tutorials are provided as an optional download package on the Support Center website. These macros and final simulation files are provided as an aid to the written tutorials, so that you can check your final results against the downloaded files, or against a simulation that is built and run using the macros.
- Introduction
  Welcome to the Simcenter STAR-CCM+ introductory tutorial. In this tutorial, you explore the important concepts and workflow. Complete this tutorial before attempting any others.
- Foundation Tutorials
  The foundation tutorials showcase the major features of Simcenter STAR-CCM+ in a series of short tutorials.
- Geometry
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for creating and working with parts and 3D-CAD.
- Mesh
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various STAR-CCM+ features for building CFD meshes.
- Incompressible Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for incompressible fluid flows as well as porosity and solution recording
- Compressible Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for compressible fluid flows as well as harmonic balance.
- Heat Transfer and Radiation
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for heat transfer, radiation, and thermal comfort.
- Multiphase Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating multiphase fluid flow problems
- Discrete Element Method
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating Discrete Element Method problems
- Motion
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various STAR-CCM+ features for simulating problems with moving geometries and meshes, dynamic fluid body interaction, and rigid body motion:
- Reacting Flow
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for simulating reacting flows such as combustion.
- Solid Stress
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for computing deformation, strain, and stresses in solid regions. They also show how such computations can be coupled to the fluid behavior in an analysis of fluid-structure interaction.
  - Linear Stress Analysis: Cantilever I Beam
    This tutorial demonstrates the basic concepts and workflow for linear FE (Finite Element) structural analyses in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
  - Plane Stress: Plate with Circular Hole in a Tensile Field
    This tutorial demonstrates how to set up a linear elastic FE (Finite Element) stress analysis in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
    - Prerequisites
      The instructions in the Plane Stress - Plate with Circular Hole in a Tensile Field tutorial assume that you are already familiar with certain techniques in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
    - Importing the Geometry
      Launch Simcenter STAR-CCM+ and import the 3D-CAD plate geometry that is provided for this tutorial.
    - Defining the Simulation Topology
      Assign the part to a region and define the symmetry of the problem.
    - Selecting the Physics Models
      Select physics models to set up a static linear analysis.
    - Applying Loads
      Using a Simcenter STAR-CCM+ segment, apply a traction load to the side surface of the plate.
    - Generating the Mesh
      In this tutorial, you mesh the imported part with 3D solid wedge elements using the Tetrahedral Mesher and the Thin Mesher.
    - Visualizing the Element Type
      Use the Element Type field function in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ to display the element type in a scalar scene.
    - Preparing Analysis Objects
      Set up scenes and reports to monitor the solution.
    - Running the Simulation
      Specify appropriate running settings for this simulation. As this is a linear problem solved with a direct solver, a solution is computed within the first iteration. For a linear problem, it is good practice to make sure that the residuals drop at least 6 orders of magnitude within the second iteration.
    - Visualizing the Solution
      Visualize the solution and calculate the stress concentration factor from the computed stress.
    - Summary
      This tutorial demonstrated the workflow for linear FE (Finite Element) structural analyses in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
    - Bibliography
  - Hyperelastic Stress Analysis with Adaptive Time-Step: Trileaflet Heart Valve
    Trileaflet valves are prosthetic heart valves that open and close because of the deformation of the flexible leaflets [reflink]. Obtaining a successful simulation of the valve opening event is challenging due to the snap through instability on which the valve operation depends. Simcenter STAR-CCM+ provides a dynamic time-step control that makes a successful simulation possible.
  - Normal Modes Solver: Wind Turbine Blade
    In solid mechanics, normal modes describe the oscillating motion of a solid body at a set of fixed frequencies, known as natural (or resonant) frequencies of the body.
  - Conjugate Heat Transfer and Thermal Stress: Exhaust Manifold
    Simcenter STAR-CCM+ allows you to combine the advantages of the finite volume (FV) and the finite element (FE) methods together in the same simulation.
  - Thermal Stress from Mapped Temperature Data: Exhaust Manifold
    This tutorial demonstrates how to perform thermal stress analysis in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
  - Fluid-Structure Interaction: Vibrating Pipe
    This tutorial demonstrates how to set up fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems in Simcenter STAR-CCM+.
  - FSI with Prescribed Solid Motion: Flapping Wing
    In Simcenter STAR-CCM+, you can analyse the two-way coupled fluid-structure interaction of systems whose motion paths are described by multiple superposed motions.
  - FSI and 6-DOF Motion: Stress Analysis on Boat Propeller
    In fluid-structure interaction simulations, you can define the motion of a solid structure relative to the motion of a 6-DOF body. A typical application is the analysis of the mechanical stresses on propellers attached to marine vessels.
  - FSI with Opening and Closing Flow Paths: Diaphragm Valve
    Simcenter STAR-CCM+ provides the capability of performing a two-way coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation with opening and closing flow paths, which are due to the deformation of a hyperelastic non-linear material such as rubber. This capability can aid in the design of (but is not limited to) seals, valves, and gaskets used within a range of industries.
  - FSI Remeshing and Tessellated Geometry Parts Contact: Rubber Sleeve
    Simcenter STAR-CCM+ allows you to model the mechanical contact between a deformable structure and the tessellated surfaces of geometry parts within the simulation. This is useful to simulate the interaction between an elastic solid and a rigid obstacle, without modeling the obstacle explicitly.
- Aeroacoustics
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for solving aeroacoustic simulations.
- Electromagnetism
  The following tutorials illustrate features for solving problems that involve electromagnetic fields.
- Electrochemistry
  The following tutorial demonstrates chemical reactions induced by an electrical current.
- Battery
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for setting up a battery model:
- Automation
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ automation and macro features.
- Design Exploration
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various features for running design exploration studies in Design Manager.
- Coupling with CAE Codes
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for coupling with CAE codes:
- Analysis Methods
  The tutorials in this set illustrate various Simcenter STAR-CCM+ features for analysing and visualizing simulation data.
- Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder
  The tutorials in this set illustrate features for simulating internal combustion engines in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ using the dedicated add-on Simcenter STAR-CCM+ In-cylinder.

Visualizing the Solution

Visualize the solution and calculate the stress concentration factor from the computed stress.

Visualize the computed hoop stress, von Mises stress, and displacement using the scalar scenes that you created for this simulation.
The scenes appear as shown below:

To visualize the applied force and the reaction force:

Right-click the Reports > Sum Force 1 node and select Run Report.
The report is printed to the Output window. The resultant force is zero.

Run the report for the maximum value of

σ_{x x}

:

Right-click the Reports > Stress Tensor (ii) node and select Run Report.
A value of $σ_{x x} \approx 3900 M P a$ is printed to the Output window.

Comparison with Analytical Solution from Roark's formulas

In Roark's formulas [992], the maximum stress $σ_{x x}$ is related to the nominal stress $σ_{n o m}$ through the stress concentration factor $k$ :

Figure 1. EQUATION_DISPLAY

\begin{array}{l} σ_{x x, \max} = k σ_{n o m} \\ σ_{n o m} = σ_{i} \frac{H}{h} \\ k = 3.00 - 3.14 (\frac{r}{H}) + 3.667 {(\frac{r}{H})}^{2} - 1.527 {(\frac{r}{H})}^{3} \end{array}

(5265)

where $H$ is the height of the plate quarter, $r$ is the hole radius, $h = H - r$ , and $σ_{i}$ is the input stress, that is, the applied traction load.

The analytical solution therefore gives $σ_{x x, \max} = 3.86 \times 10^{3} M P a$ and $k = 2.21$ .

The maximum

σ_{x x}

computed in Simcenter STAR-CCM+ is

σ_{x x, r e p o r t} \approx 3.90 \times 10^{3} M P a

, which gives a stress concentration factor of

k = (σ_{x x, r e p o r t}) / σ_{n o m} \approx 2.23

.

Note that the stress gradient within the elements at the top of the hole is very high, about 20 %. A better accuracy can be achieved with a finer mesh.